Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of biomass is a low-grade liquid fuel, which can be\r\nupgraded through the emulsification with diesel oil. In this study, we prepared two rice\r\nhusk bio-oil samples with different solid char contents and three bio-oil/diesel-oil emulsion\r\nsamples with the bio-oil content of 10 wt%, 30 wt% and 50 wt%, respectively. The\r\nlubrication properties of these oil samples were evaluated by a four-ball tester. The\r\nmorphologies of the worn ball surface were observed by scanning electron microscope\r\n(SEM). The chemical states of the elements on the worn surface and non-worn surface\r\nwere analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). The results showed that the\r\nbio-oil possessed better extreme-pressure, anti-wear and friction-reducing properties than\r\nthe commercial diesel oil (number zero). The solid char particles in the bio-oil could\r\nimprove its lubrication performance. Moreover, the lubrication ability of the emulsions\r\nwould be enhanced with the increasing of the bio-oil content in the emulsions
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